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N PETERS. PHOTO LITNOGRAFHER ROBERT SPEAK, or NEW HAVEN, ootuusorroUr.`

Letters Patent No,v 103,252, dated May 17, 1S70.

MPROVEMENTIN'PIPES-FOR TRANSMITTING- PNEUMATIC CURRENTS FOR IMIIO'IIVIE:l

POWER.

l'.lhe Schedule referred t'ogin these Letters Patent and making part of the same- To all whom 'it may c oncein l Be it known that I, ROBERT SPEAR, of New Haven, in the county of New Haven and -State of .Coniiecticut, have irivnted certain new and useful Improvement in Devices for Transmitting Power; and I do hereby declare"that.the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and tothe letters of ref` "rence marked thereon, 'which form a part of this specification. l i

l. My present invention is an improvement upon the hmode of transmitting power, for which 4Letters Patent were granted to me'Oetober 5, 1869, and ccn- 'sists in certain devices whereby I am enabled to regulate the power by means of adjustable contractors, and also'make provision for turning the conduit at ldifferent angles without lessening its force.

In order t0 enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to make and use the same, I will now proceed t0 describe its construction and operation, referring to .the annexed drawings, in whichlj l Flgure l'is a perspectiveview and Iigure 2 a longitudinal vertical section.

l In my patent :above referred to I had tubes or pipes acting as reservoirs, and said tubes connected by tubes of smaller diameter, whereby it is possible to transmit power with unabated force any distance desired. In the present caseV A'A represent said tubes.or rescrvoirs, acting as aconduit for the .nid or air, but

.in place of the smaller. connecting-tubes I employ globe-valves or stop-cocks, B B, which, in the trst instance, are to be setor contracted, so as to diminish the passage for theiiuid or air in just such a proportion that the force or fluid will be transmitted `with undirninished density.

t This is readily determined by the use of test-gauges, and the stop-cocks being turned until the gauges show the same. amount of force as is applied at the powersource. If, for 'inst-ance, sixty pounds of pressure is applied,y and the openings contracted by means of the stop-cocks to transmit this amount of force, then if it be desired to transmit only half that amount, with the saine density of the uid or air used, it' will only be necessary to still `further contract said passages by means of the valves or stop-cooks until the gauges along the entireA line show just that amount of pressure.

By means of these adjustable contractors I am thus enabled to regulate the force transmitted in the exact proportion as I want to apply the same:

In laying a conduit of considerable length it will almost ,invariably be necessary to change the direction of the conduit, that is to turn corners or form angles, and if the conduit at such points were of the same size there would be a considerable loss of power.

This difficulty is obviat-ed by using elbows, C O, and crosses, D, of a diameter not less than twice that of the conduit itself. If these elbows are square their diameter must be larger, but if curved I have found, by experiments, that, although they may be as large as convenient, they should not be lessthan the dimensions given above, and, if so made, there will be no perceptible loss of power, as they will act as reservoirs upon which the. force is exerted at one end', as fully explained in my former patent.

I do not intend to conne myself to theV use of globe-valves or stop-cocks for contracting the openings or joints in the tubes, as I may employ any means by which said openings can be contracted from the out-Y side at will, and such adjustable contractors should be placed at uniform `distances apart for obvious reasons. Neither do I confine myself to the forms ofnthe enlargement-s at the bend-s or crosses of the conduit, as

it is obvious the desired effect can be accomplished by any suficient augmentation, regardless of their shape. Having thus fully described my invention, What'I claim as new and desire -to secure by Letters Patent, is-

Tubes for the transmission of power, connected at the points where the direction of such tubes is changed by means of tubes or other other suitable connections,

Vof a larger diameter or size than the conduit itself, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I aix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

` ROBERT SPEAR. Witnesses:

T. H. ALEXANDER, J osnn JOHNSON. 

